The Norwegian Retroflex Fricative
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this paper, the Norwegian retroflex fricative /ʂ/ is investigated through the combined use of electropalatography (EPG) and electromagnetic articulography (EMA) based on four informants. Cross linguistic investigations of retroflex consonants have shown that there are three characteristics often present in their articulation: an apical articulation, a posterior place of articulation, and a bending up (retroflexion) of the tongue tip. Our investigation shows that for the Norwegian retroflex fricative, only one of these characteristics is always present, an apical articulation. The other two characteristics were found only in some contexts or in some individuals. Compared to the Norwegian retroflex plosives the same characteristics are found, including extensive variability. However, there is generally less retroflexion in the fricative than in the plosives.
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